The Art of War - Key Principles

Laying Plans (始計篇)

Emphasis on careful planning and assessment before engaging in battle. Consider all factors like terrain, resources, and the enemy's strengths and weaknesses. Victory is determined before the fight begins.

Waging War (作戰篇)

Focuses on the economic aspect of warfare. Prolonged campaigns deplete resources and morale. Aim for swift victories to minimize costs and maximize gains.

Attack by Stratagem (謀攻篇)

Highlights the superiority of intelligence and strategy over brute force. Subjugating the enemy without fighting is the ultimate goal. Deception, division, and exploiting weaknesses are key.

Tactical Dispositions (軍形篇)

Stresses the importance of defensive positioning until the conditions are favorable for attack. Understand your strengths and weaknesses and wait for the enemy to make a mistake.

Energy (兵勢篇)

Discusses the use of momentum and energy in battle. Create an overwhelming force at the decisive point and strike with speed and precision. Control the flow and rhythm of the engagement.

Weak Points and Strong (虛實篇)

Emphasizes the importance of knowing the enemy's weak points and your own strong points. Attack the undefended and avoid the well-defended. Create confusion and exploit openings.

Maneuvering (軍爭篇)

Covers the complexities of battlefield movement and the dangers of direct confrontation for strategic advantage. Deception and speed are crucial to outmaneuver the enemy.

Variation in Tactics (九變篇)

Stresses the need for adaptability and flexibility in response to changing circumstances. There are no fixed rules in warfare; adjust your tactics to the situation.

The Army on the March (行軍篇)

Provides guidelines for traversing different types of terrain and dealing with various enemy situations encountered during a march. Maintaining discipline and vigilance is essential.

Terrain (地形篇)

Analyzes the different types of terrain and their impact on military operations. Understanding and utilizing the terrain to your advantage is crucial for success.

The Nine Grounds (九地篇)

Categorizes different types of battlegrounds and outlines the appropriate strategies for each. Adapt your approach based on the specific environment.

Attack by Fire (火攻篇)

Details the use of fire as a weapon and the precautions necessary when employing it. Emphasizes the importance of careful planning and avoiding unnecessary risks.

The Use of Spies (用間篇)

Highlights the critical role of intelligence gathering through various types of spies. Knowing the enemy's intentions and capabilities is essential for informed decision-making.